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Teaching the hidden symmetry of the Kepler problem in relativistic quantum mechanics - from Pauli to Dirac electron

机译:在相对论中教授开普勒问题的隐对称性   量子力学 - 从泡利到狄拉克电子

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摘要

Hidden symmetry in Coulomb interaction is one of the mysterious problems ofmodern physics. Additional conserved quantities associated with extra symmetrygovern wide variety of physics problems, from planetary motion till fine andhyperfine structures of atomic spectra. In this paper we present a simplederivation of hidden symmetry operator in relativistic quantum mechanics forthe Dirac equation in the Coulomb field. We established that this operator maybe reduced to the one introduced by Johnson and Lippmann. It is worthwhile tonotice that this operator was discussed in literature very rarely and so is notknown well among physicists and was omitted even in the recent textbooks onrelativistic quantum mechanics and/or quantum electrodynamics.
机译:库仑相互作用中的隐对称性是现代物理学的神秘问题之一。与额外对称性相关的额外守恒量管理着各种各样的物理问题,从行星运动到原子光谱的精细和超精细结构。在本文中,我们提出了相对论量子力学中库仑场中Dirac方程的隐式对称算符的简单推导。我们确定该运算符可以简化为Johnson和Lippmann引入的运算符。值得注意的是,该算子很少在文献中讨论过,因此在物理学家中并不为人所知,即使在相对论量子力学和/或量子电动力学的最新教科书中也被省略。

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